World Heritage Committee Discussion on Victoria Falls World Heritage Site, 27th July 2026

Keep Victoria Falls Wild, 27th July 2026

Unofficial transcript of World Heritage Committee discussion regarding State of Conservation of the Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls World Heritage Site, at the 48th session of the Committee, held at Busan, Republic of Korea,  27th July 2026, morning session.

You can watch the full session on the UNESCO YouTube channel here. (discussion on Victoria Falls starts around 3.25).

Download an audio file (mp3) of the discussion on the Victoria Falls here.

Download the amended draft decision text for the Site (pdf), as submitted to the World Heritage Centre on 24th July 2026 here. Please note that UNESCO will publish the final agreed text on their website at some point in the near future. Note that there may be minor differences between the amendments as drafted in this document and the amendments as shown on screen during the Session and as discussed by the Committee. We will publish a detailed comparison and review of the agreed decision text in due course.

Please also note that certain sections of the dialog are unclear as to the specific wordings of the Committee or Chair and this transcript should be checked against the audio/video, which has subtitled (but not always correct!) for confirmation and clarification. 

Session Chaired by Mr Lee Byong-Hyun.

African World Heritage Centre Representative: Mr Muhammad Muhammad Juma.

IUCN Representative: Mizuki Murai, Senior Programme Coordinator.

World Heritage Watch Representative: Stephan Doempke.

WHC48-7B-93 Transcript of Discussion

[Chair] OK, thank you, Excellences, dear colleagues, we will continue with 7B Nature, Africa. I now would like to give the floor to the delegation of Senegal to present to the Committee the reason why it requested to open for discussion the state of conservation of the Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls, Zambia/Zimbabwe. Mr Ambassador you have the floor.

[Senegal] Thank you Chairperson. Senegal wishes to thank the Secretariat for agreeing to open the state of conservation report on the Victoria Falls property. With your permission we would like to give the floor to the distinguished Ambassador of Tanzania in order to present this item. Thank you Chair.

[Chair] Err, Senegal now is not the right time to give the floor to Tanzania or Zambia, so later on specific questions. You introduce, please.

[Senegal] No, in fact we would like to give the floor to Tanzania in order to introduce why Senegal requested the opening of the report on the state of conservation.

[Chair] So agreed among African group? I recognise Ambassador Faye just come back.

[Senegal] Yes, Chairperson, we requested this discussion and within the African group we decided that Kenya would be taking the floor.

[Chair] If that's the case I now invite Tanzania, OK, you have the floor

[Tanzania] Sorry Chair, I think the Chair of the African group mentioned that within the African group the first one to take the floor will be Kenya followed by Tanzania, with your permission.

[Chair] OK, Kenya?

[Kenya] Thank you Mr Chairman for this opportunity. As regards this matter we appreciate the demonstrated efforts invested by the State Parties of Zambia and Zimbabwe in the preservation and the conservation of the OUV of the property amid competing interests at the Site.

Chair, our main issue lies in the need to address a selected few technical aspects embedded in the draft decision, and besides the language used, which we believe should be moderated, we consider that there are technical issues that we need to acknowledge.

One of the issues that we have noted the issue of the State Parties making strides in a positive direction. As we are gathered here we are informed that a team of experts is conducting assessment in response to a call from the Zimbabwe National Committee on calculation of risks undermining the critical conservation and protection in Victoria Falls.

Chair, with particular emphasis on the Baines Restaurant and the Cataract Island activity, these, in our opinion, are not part of high magnitude developments. On the balance of probabilities the two State Parties are leaning more on the positive rather than the negative. More tangible efforts have been done towards mitigation of negative impacts.

Chair, the state party of Zambia in their actions are a true statement to the further confirmation for the need to balance conservation and sustainable development in line with the 2015 Policy document on the sustainable development, among others.

We propose that both State Parties continue to engage in dialogue with the World Heritage Centre and IUCN and that they invite an Advisory Mission on the best ways of dealing with issues surrounding Victoria Falls. In this light we call for the opening of the item and have proposed amendments to the draft decision. Thank you Chair.

[Chair] OK, thank you. I now invite Mr Muhammad Juma Muhammad Chief of the African World Heritage Centre, and IUCN to provide their comments. You have the floor.

[African World Heritage Centre Representative] Thank you very much Mr Chair. Mr Chair, this is a joint intervention from World Heritage Centre Secretariat and IUCN. In the spirit of cooperation that the Kenya announced, and support for the State Parties, Mr Chair we are please to inform the distinguished committee members that having taking note of the proposed amendments the Secretariat and IUCN met with the State Parties of Zambia and Zimbabwe for constructive exchange and dialogue, which led to clarification and agreement on points raised. Thank you Mr Chair.

[Chair] Thank you. IUCN.

[IUCN Representative] Thank you Mr Chair. The WHC gave a joint intervention on behalf of the Centre and IUCN, however I would also like to acknowledge and wish to thank the State Parties of Zambia and Zimbabwe for the constructive meeting that we held of the 23rd July. Thank you Mr Chair.

[Chair] OK, thank you. As Kenyan delegation rightly pointed out we surely have amended proposal, so please upload on the screen.

Para 1, 2, 3, with original language, unless there is objection? Para 1,2,3 adopted.

Para 4 - no objections? Para 4 adopted as amended.

Para 5, original language, normal litigation. Para 5 - Adopted.

Para 6 - I see no questions, no objections. Para 6 adopted as amended.

Para 7, with original language. Para 7 adopted.

Para 8. I see no objection. Para 8 adopted as amended.

Para 9. I see no objection. Para 9 adopted as amended.

Para 10, small 'a', small 'b' - no problem, small 'c' - minor wording change, 'd', 'e', 'f'. So Para 10 - OK, Poland.

[Poland] Thank you Chair, we think that with the paragraph point 'e' we would like to remain the point 'ecological connectivity' because that is really important for the Site and I think it would be good to leave it here.

[Chair] OK, Kenya.

[Kenya] Thank you Chair. We wish to bring to your notice that the Site was inscribed under criterion 7 and 8, so this 'ecological connectivity' is not well grounded, so that's why we propose for geomorphological aspects, thank you.

[Chair] Poland, and followed by Switzerland

[Poland] Thank you very much. I know - I have this understanding - that one of the attributes, there is migratory route for birds, so ecological connectivity, this ecological connectivity is really important apart from the beauty and exception phenomenon. Thank you.

[Chair] Thank you. Switzerland

[Switzerland] Thank you Chairperson for giving us the floor. We wish to support what our colleagues from Poland have stated and we would add additional that there are birds there are also deciduous forest which comply with criterion 7 so ecological connectivity is very important here, so perhaps which should retain 'ecological connectivity' and 'geomorphological aspects' as well. Thank you.

[Chair] OK, Kenya

[Kenya] Sorry the issue here is, those issue of birds that just added information during the interactive statement of our OUV.

We also appreciate that we have those two species of bird, the black eagle and the taita falcon that was mentioned in the interactive statement. But the gist of the inscription was under criterion 7 and criterion 8, kindly, thank you.

[Chair] Tanzania.

[Tanzania] Thank you Chair, we wish to align to Kenya because the key consideration for this site is criteria 8 and it is very difficult to see why we should now add 'ecological connectivity' which is a very different criteria. And perhaps Kenya, sorry, Chair, at your discretion, if we could also ask the State Parties concerned to add some information on this particular discussion. Thank you Chair.

[Chair] OK for this very specific question to State Party for one minute, maximum one minute. Zambia.

[Zambia] Thank you Mr Chairman, as this is the first time for us to come on the floor we would like to appreciate the hospitality granted to us by the State Party of Republic of Korea. Just like as the committee members have pointed out the Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls was inscribed on geological criteria, and even these said migratory routes are not there - there is no, nothing to do with migratory route at the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site

And even the taita falcon which has been said here, the recent studies that have been done at the WHS point to the fact there was only one taita falcon which was seemingly - and I'm using the word seemingly - spotted during this study. Therefore you cannot submit the State Parties to that terminology. And this is the same terminology which was removed when we last met in Saudi Arabia if not in India. So therefore we are asking that this terminology be removed because in the future it may be used against us wrongfully as has been the case in the past. I submit Mr Chairman.

[Chair] Thank you but despite criteria concerned, relevant criteria, ecological connectivity does not harm, so I don't understand why 'ecological connectivity' plus 'geomorphological aspect', both elements there. Czechia

[Czechia] Thank you Mr Chair, we would like to ask Secretariat or IUCN to add more information so that we may understand better the situation. Thank you very much.

[Chair] Ok, thank you. Advisory bodies, expertise, opinion?

[IUCN Representative] Thank you Mr Chair. I think in this regard the sentence refers to 'including', so it is under the understanding that these are some of the aspects to be considered. With regard specifically to the ecological connectivity indeed this property is inscribed under criterion 7 and 8, nonetheless the statement of OUV as a whole including the text under integrity, it does point towards the broader ecological aspects of this property as part of the wider ecosystems. Thank you Mr Chair.

[Chair] OK, thank you IUCN. I now give the floor to Kenya.

[Kenya] OK, thank you Chair. Our position is that what needs to be the focus of the two State Parties as regards the Site is sticking to the criteria 7 and 8, look at the continued conservation and management of the geomorphological aspects and the reasons to do with hydrological regimes. This 'ecological connectivity' is kind of not well grounded, because those two species, those that have been floated here, there is no indication how they are affected by any of these developments that you are talking about, thank you.

[Chair] Tanzania - and just produce some constructed compromise.

[Tanzania] Thank you Chair, thank you very much. I think we need to be focussed. We are very much guided by the criteria when we inscribe to ensure that the conditions of the OUV are met and we are guided by the criteria. If we expand to include ecological systems and value that means we are proposing another criteria for this particular site. So while it is a good terminology added to the statement of the OUV, it cannot override the primary goal, you know, for inscribing this Site, which, was criteria 8 and 7. So, our position is that the that fact there is a mention in the OUV cannot be safely taken now to increase the responsibility of the State party based on a criteria which is not demonstrated, basically, at the Site. So we continue to support what Kenya is proposing, Chair. Thank you.

[Chair] Hmm, so I think Senegal is in line with Kenya and Tanzania, so I now Poland.

[Poland] Thank you Mr Chair. I would like to ask how the State Parties concerned how this 'ecological connectivity' goes against criterion 7 because I don't see that it is contradictory. Criterion 7 talks about the exceptional beauty and outstanding phenomena of nature, so I don't see here any contradiction. So please, I would like to hear about this. Thank you very much.

[Chair] Time is up, so I now give the floor to Senegal

[Senegal] Thank you very much Chairperson for giving me the floor. I believe that the matter here is not to know what goes against criteria 7 and 8, but rather what is relevant within the framework of the listing because paragraph 'e' focuses on the listing and it is stated that 'Including their potential effects', so this has to be taken in light of the OU statement of the property. If this is not something which will block the adoption of the draft decision, I would like to urge delegations to show flexibility and understanding, the Polish and the Swiss delegations in particular, so that we may adopt this draft decision on the basis of proposals already tabled by Kenya. Thank you

[Chair] Given time constraints if Poland or Switzerland cannot propose compromise language, let's leave it... until this afternoon. Poland?

[Poland] Thank you Mr Chair. I have a compromise proposal just to keep ecological connectivity and after coma to put 'If appropriate or relevant' - 'whenever appropriate.'

[Chair] OK, Kenya

[Kenya] Thank you. Mr Chairman. For us we really respect the opinions of Switzerland and Poland. Making a decision - any decision we make here has serious implications. It is not that Zambia or Zimbabwe are opposed to taking care of biodiversity and especially birds, so we respectively want to ask that we stick to the criteria but note that we have that responsibility to take care of our biodiversity, which we do very dutifully. Thank you chair.

[Chair] Poland.

[Poland] Mr President, for the sake of time and in the spirit of compromise, also we are full confident in our argumentation, we are willing to go with this language as amended. Thank you. Which means submitting without this 'ecological connectivity'.

[Chair] Switzerland

[Switzerland] Thank you chairperson. In spirit of consensus we could also agree to that position, thank you.

[Chair] OK, thank you so much. So 'f', 'e', - small 'e' - adopted as amended and 'f' with original languages, whole para 10 adopted.

11 - I see no objection, Para 11 adopted as amended.

Para 12 - OK, is see none, Para 12 adopted as amended.

Para 13 - Czechia

[Czechia] Thank you Mr Chair we would like to ask the Secretariate just technical questions regarding this new para 13 and the specific wording displayed on screen in the Kenya amendment whether the text needs to be more specified according to the operational guidelines. In this case the advisory mission would address the verification of the ground boundary and provide guidance on the outstanding issues is not defined in the amendment. Could we seek  advice as to if the current wording is sufficient or whether it should be adjusted more closely reflect the terminology of the guidelines. Thank you very much.

[Chair] Thank you. IUCN.

[IUCN Representative] Thank you Mr Chair and thank you honourable delegate from Czechia. Indeed as currently drafted is it is somewhat difficult for us to be able to implement this particular decision or recommendation. The WHC and IUCN have spoken with the State Parties we would be please to field either an Advisory Mission or Reactive Monitoring Mission in discussion with the State Parties but as draft somewhat unclear as to how we would move forward. Thank you.

[Chair] So Czechia - understood? alright Para 13 and 14 with original language.

Para 13 adopted as amended together with Para 14, with original language. Para 13 and 14 adopted as amended.

OK I now declare draft decision for 48Com 7B.93 adopted as amended as a whole.

[Applause... Chair moves to close meeting, announcements...]

[Chair] Before closing the meeting I give the floor to WHW for a brief two minute statement. There will be no interpretation.

[World Heritage Watch Representative] Thank you Mr Chair. This is a statement by Keep Victoria Falls Wild supported by the World Heritage Watch network.

We are disappointed by the continued lack of progress by both the State Parties and the World Heritage Centre in addressing issues relating to tourism development pressures within and surrounding this Site, and note the proposed amended Decision text again attempts to dilute these concerns.

There has been no progress on mitigation measures relating to the Mosi-oa-Tunya Resort development in Zambia. No progress on undisclosed riverside developments constructed within the Site's 'no new development zone' in Zimbabwe. And no progress on further proposed riverside tourism developments within this zone, agreed by the Zimbabwean Park Authority and yet again undisclosed.

The list of issues and concerns significantly includes ongoing delays to the finalisation and submission of the SEA and new Joint Management Plan, as well as a long overdue clarification of the Site's boundary and management zones.

The State Parties have been repeatedly warned over the cumulative impact of tourism developments within and surrounding the property. Without action, the World Heritage Committee are in danger of assisting and facilitating further illegitimate tourism developments.

A moratorium on all tourism developments within the Site and its surrounding 500m Buffer Zone - pending the finalisation and agreement by the Committee of the new JIMP - is urgently needed in order to prevent further tourism development within the Site.

Thank you Mr Chair

[Chair] OK, thank you, now meeting is adjourned.

See also:

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (24th July 2026) Committee Members Propose Further Last Minute Amendments to draft Decision text on Victoria Falls World Heritage Site.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (23rd July 2026) World Heritage Committee members attempt to dilute draft Decision text regarding Victoria Falls.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (18th July 2026) Riverside Developments at Victoria Falls Threaten World Heritage Site 

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (15th July 2026) World Heritage Committee Turns Its Attentions to Victoria Falls.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (9th July 2026) Still Kicking the Can Down the Road... UNESCO World Heritage Committee Draft Decision text published.

World Heritage Committee Turns Its Attentions to Victoria Falls

Keep Victoria Falls Wild, 15th July 2026

The Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls World Heritage Site has been added to the list of Sites to be discussed by the World Heritage Committee at the forthcoming 48th session of World Heritage Committee, to be held at Busan, Republic of Korea over 19th-29th July 2026.

Following publication of the Draft Decision text to be presented to the Committee next week for adoption (Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs, 9th July 2026), and 'third party' representations submitted to Committee members on Monday morning, the Site was nominated by Senegal in a revised list (WHC/26/48.COM/INF.7.Rev) published on the UNESCO website later the same day.

"The World Heritage Centre and the Advisory Bodies open for discussion  only state of conservation reports... where they propose to: Remove a site from the List of World Heritage in Danger, inscribe a site on the List of World Heritage in Danger, or Delete a site from the World Heritage List.

"World Heritage Committee members can also propose to open for discussion a state of conservation report initially foreseen for adoption without discussion." (UNESCO/World Heritage Centre 2026)

The nomination of the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site for discussion by the Committee follows a growing list of conservation issues relating to increasing tourism development pressures, failures in State Party reporting and ongoing delays in the finalisation of a joint management plan for the Site (Keep Victoria Falls Wild, January 2026).

The World Heritage Committee has repeatedly warned over the cumulative impacts of tourism developments at the Victoria Falls, with recent controversy centred on the Baines Restaurant development, constructed over 2022 and opened in 2023 within the World Heritage Site and without notification or disclosure to the UNESCO World Heritage Committee. The development, together with the neighbouring 'Rock Pool' development, developed and operated by the National Park Authority, are not only located within the World Heritage Site 'HESZ' (no new development zone) but also within an extended area declared 'protected permanently' from all new development under the 1975 Victoria Falls Outline Plan but not fully disclosed to UNESCO in joint management plans for the Site (Roberts, 2026).

The 1975 'Permanently Protected' Area, Victoria Falls

In April campaign group Keep Victoria Falls Wild called for a moratorium on all developments within and surrounding the Site until finalisation, and agreement by the World Heritage Committee, of a new joint management plan for the Site (Keep Victoria Falls Wild, April 2026).

References

Keep Victoria Falls Wild (January 2026) Reaction and Response to 2025 State of Conservation Report and 2025-2030 Draft Joint Integrated Management Plan (pdf, direct download from the KVFW website, 0.6mb).

Keep Victoria Falls Wild (April 2026) Serious Concerns Over Management of Victoria Falls World Heritage Site (pdf, direct download from the KVFW website, 1.3mb).

Roberts, P (2026) Paradise Lost? Conservation and Development of the Victoria Falls (1900-2025). Zambezi Book Company / CreateSpace Independent Publishing.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (9th July 2026) Still Kicking the Can Down the Road... UNESCO World Heritage Committee Draft Decision text published.

UNESCO/World Heritage Centre (2026) WHC/26/48.COM/INF.7.Rev (pdf, direct download from the KVFW website).

Conservation concerns grow over new developments near Victoria Falls

 Plans for new developments near Victoria Falls have triggered growing concern among conservationists, tourism operators and environmental groups, with critics warning that unchecked construction could threaten one of Africa’s most iconic natural heritage sites.

According to Tourism Update, the dispute centres on several proposed tourism and infrastructure projects in and around the Victoria Falls area, a destination recognised globally for both its ecological significance and tourism value. Conservation advocates argue that increased development pressure could place strain on fragile ecosystems, wildlife corridors and the overall visitor experience.

Environmental groups have raised questions about the long-term sustainability of the projects, warning that poorly managed expansion risks undermining the very landscape that attracts travellers to the region. Some stakeholders are also concerned about the cumulative impact of multiple developments taking place simultaneously around the falls.

The area surrounding Victoria Falls supports a complex network of biodiversity and forms part of a broader conservation landscape shared by Zimbabwe and Zambia. Critics say any major construction near the site should be subject to stricter environmental oversight and greater public consultation.

Tourism operators remain divided. While some support new investment aimed at boosting regional tourism and economic growth, others fear overdevelopment could damage the destination’s international reputation. Concerns have also been raised about balancing conservation priorities with increasing demand for tourism infrastructure across southern Africa.

The debate highlights a broader challenge facing many of Africa’s leading tourism destinations: how to expand visitor economies without compromising sensitive natural environments. Sustainable tourism has become an increasingly important focus across the continent as destinations attempt to balance economic opportunity with environmental protection.

Victoria Falls remains one of Africa’s most visited attractions and is recognised for its exceptional natural beauty and ecological importance. Conservation organisations are now calling for transparent environmental assessments and stronger safeguards before further projects move ahead.

Source: Conservation concerns grow over new developments near Victoria Falls. Getaway Magazine (22 May 2026)

Exclusive-use safari camp opens on Zimbabwe’s Jafuta Reserve near Victoria Falls

 A new seasonal tented camp on Zimbabwe’s private Jafuta Reserve is set to offer travellers a quieter, more immersive alternative to the traditional Victoria Falls experience.

Located just 15 minutes from Victoria Falls International Airport, the newly launched Victoria Falls Tented Camp by Chiefs Tented Camps has been developed with private group travel in mind. Operating during the March to September 2026 season, the exclusive-use camp caters primarily to the international incentive and luxury group travel market.

Developed in partnership with Shearwater, the camp responds to growing demand for dedicated group accommodation near Victoria Falls, particularly during peak travel periods when many of the region’s boutique lodges are booked out well in advance.

Set within the privately managed Jafuta Reserve, the camp occupies an active wildlife corridor frequently used by the area’s elephant population as they move between surrounding protected wilderness areas. Guests can expect regular wildlife sightings in a setting that feels far removed from the bustle often associated with one of Southern Africa’s busiest tourism hubs.

Accommodation comes in the form of luxury en-suite canvas tents designed with a low-impact footprint and an emphasis on blending into the surrounding landscape. The camp initially features 40 tents accommodating up to 80 guests sharing, although the setup can be expanded for larger bespoke groups exceeding 100 guests.

While the camp positions itself within the luxury safari market, its focus extends beyond high-end accommodation. Conservation, education and community engagement form a central part of the experience, with elephant-focused activities and educational encounters linked to ongoing conservation work in the region.

Guests can also expect guided bush experiences, wildlife photography opportunities, river-edge sundowners and cultural programming featuring local artists and storytellers. Evenings are designed around open-air dining, campfires and uninterrupted time in nature.

According to Allan Johnston of Chiefs Tented Camps, the concept was born from a gap in the Victoria Falls market for dedicated group inventory.

“Victoria Falls has long been a leading incentive destination, but over time the availability of dedicated group inventory has diminished as the market shifted toward smaller boutique properties,” says Johnston.

“What we’ve created at Jafuta is a private canvas camp where groups can come together in one place, in the bush, without compromise, close to the Falls, but completely immersed in nature.”

Through special arrangements with Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority, guests can also access quieter routes into nearby protected areas, including Chamabondo National Park and Zambezi National Park, avoiding some of the region’s busier tourist entry points.

The off-grid camp has also incorporated several sustainability measures, including plans to gradually introduce solar energy and partnerships with certified recycling and waste-management providers in Victoria Falls.

Bookings for the 2026 season are now open to incentive planners, corporate groups, travel trade operators and DMC partners.

Source: Exclusive-use safari camp opens on Zimbabwe’s Jafuta Reserve near Victoria Falls (19/05/2026)

Where There's Smoke... UNESCO and Conservationists divided over Victoria Falls World Heritage Site

UNESCO and Conservationists divided over tourism development impacts at Victoria Falls World Heritage Site

15th May 2026

Despite positive media headlines and tourism industry promotional gloss all is not well at the Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls UNESCO World Heritage Site, jointly managed by Zambia and Zimbabwe and a global tourism drawcard.

Last week UNESCO General Conference President, Mr Khondker Talha, visited the Falls, with media reports quoting a glowing endorsement of the Site's management. Meanwhile a new report from conservationist campaign group Keep Victoria Falls Wild highlights increasing concerns, calling for the removal of recent illegitimate tourism developments within 'no development' zones and a moratorium on all new development until a new Joint Management Plan for the Site is finalised and agreed by all parties, including UNESCO.

On the 3rd May, World Press Freedom Day, Mr Talha was in Lusaka, launching a UNESCO joint statement on press freedom calling on Member States to protect journalists and ensure an enabling environment for a free and independent media.

The next day, Mr Talha visited the Victoria Falls, touring both the Zimbabwean and Zambian sides of the transboundary UNESCO World Heritage Site and commending both countries 'for their strong collaboration in preserving the Site's Outstanding Universal Value,' and apparently describing their joint management of the Site as a model of effective joint stewardship. Less significance was given, however, to his call for strengthened efforts between the two countries in safeguarding the heritage site, an admission perhaps that all is not well (Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs, 5th May 2026).

Although publicly unannounced, the visit was apparently in an official capacity, with a media release from the National Her­it­age Con­ser­va­tion Com­mis­sion stating the visit was under­taken 'to appre­ci­ate and assess the con­tin­ued efforts by the gov­ern­ments of Zam­bia and Zim­b­abwe in safe­guard­ing the Site’s Out­stand­ing Uni­ver­sal Value, in line with the oper­a­tional guidelines of the UNESCO World Her­it­age Con­ven­tion' (Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs, 4th May 2026).

There was no selfie at the Falls posted on the President's official 'X' account, no official statement from UNESCO and no coverage of his visit in the Zimbabwean media the next day (coincidentally African World Heritage Day). Supported by a media release from the National Her­it­age Con­ser­va­tion Com­mis­sion, the Zambian national press, however, promoted the visit as an endorsement of their management of the World Heritage Site.

"National Her­it­age Con­ser­va­tion Com­mis­sion con­ser­va­tion officer John Zulu noted that such vis­its reaf­firm the strength of bilat­eral cooper­a­tion and provide an import­ant plat­form to show­case the ongo­ing efforts towards sus­tain­able con­ser­va­tion and her­it­age man­age­ment. He emphas­ised the sig­ni­fic­ance of the visit, stat­ing that such high­-level engage­ments val­id­ate ongo­ing con­ser­va­tion ini­ti­at­ives while enhan­cing inter­na­tional recog­ni­tion and sup­port for her­it­age pre­ser­va­tion efforts in the region. 'The visit fur­ther high­lights the global import­ance of the Mosi-oa-Tunya/Vic­toria Falls as a shared nat­ural asset requir­ing con­tin­ued joint stew­ard­ship,' he said.” (Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs, 5th May 2026)

Mr Talha at the Zambian side of the Falls (Source: NHCC Facebook page)

Conservation Concerns

But behind the media statements and tourism gloss, all is not well at the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site, and not only are the joint State Parties of Zambia and Zimbabwe both in the spotlight, but also UNESCO's oversight - or lack of - of the Site is being increasingly questioned by conservationists.

In the week prior his visit, local conservation campaign group, Keep Victoria Falls Wild, released yet another report highlighting an increasing list of issues and concerns relating to the management of the Site and calling for a moratorium on all new developments within the Site and its surrounding Buffer Zone pending finalisation, and approval by UNESCO, of a new Joint Management Plan for the Site and repeating calls for the removal of recent controversial tourism developments within the Site's protected area (Keep Victoria Falls Wild, April 2026).

The report follows recent submission of a new Draft Joint Plan for the management of the Site, submitted by the State Parties of Zambia and Zimbabwe who share the management of the transboundary World Heritage Site. The Plan is heavily criticised for its delayed submission, contradictions, errors and missing details on key areas such as the management zonation for the Site and details of permitted/prohibited developments. The lack of detail on the zones comes after specific requests from the World Heritage Committee for the boundaries, zonation and buffer zone to be reviewed and clarified in the new document.

Conservationists also raise significant concerns over recent tourism developments on the southern, Zimbabwean, side of the Falls and within the World Heritage Site 'no new development zone' (HESZ) and in particular the lack of disclosure of these developments, as required under the Convention, to UNESCO. This continued lack of disclosure follows repeated requests from the World Heritage Committee for specific information relating to recent developments within the Site.

The report also identifies a growing list of wider issues and concerns in relation to the management of the Site before calling on the World Heritage Committee to reject the Draft Joint Management Plan submitted by the State Parties and request a final complete and consistent document as soon as possible, significantly calling for a moratorium on all tourism developments within the World Heritage Site and surrounding 500m Buffer Zone pending final submission, and approval by the Committee, of the revised Joint Plan and satisfactory resolution of a series of controversial tourism developments within and surrounding the Site.

In addition the report repeats calls for the cancellation of permits for recent illegitimate tourism developments issued by the Zimbabwe National Park Authority within the WHS HESZ and for all trace of these developments to be removed from the Site.

The report comes in the build up to the forthcoming 48th session of the World Heritage Committee, to be held in Busan, Republic of Korea over 19-29 July 2026, with conservationists urging the World Heritage Committee to consider the Site for immediate addition to the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger if the State Parties fail to adequately address these issues.

Within the context of these issues and concerns, Mr Tahla's supposed words of endorsement appear to be either a diplomatic smokescreen or a reflection of institutional, and intentional, blindness. Time will tell - although there have already been several Committee sessions in recent years and no action taken on illegitimate tourism developments within the Site.

UNESCO and the Curse of Overtourism

It appears that UNESCO has long had a blind spot for the impacts of tourism development, and overtourism, to World Heritage Sites, with a growing list of examples of overtourism following UNESCO listing, leading to questions over the benefits, or disadvantages, of the listing.

"A listing carries a great deal of prestige, and benefits include 'increased tourist visitation, increases in employment opportunities and income for local communities, and better management and protection of the place,' according to the government of Australia, which has 20 World Heritage Sites." (Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs, 28th July 2021)

In 2021 Victoria Falls was identified in National Geographic as a positive example of UNESCO World Heritage Listing with the 'cancellation' of a dam proposal above the Falls (despite the fact that the dam is proposed downstream of the Victoria Falls and is in fact back on the cards). 

"The World Heritage program has scored high-profile preservation successes. It exerted pressure to halt a highway near Egypt’s Giza Pyramids, block a salt mine at a gray whale nursery in Mexico, and cancel a dam proposal above Africa’s Victoria Falls. Its funds, provided by dues from the treaty's signers, have hired park rangers, bought parkland, built visitor centers, and restored temples. It relies on persuasive powers more than legal threats, but over a period of nearly five decades, the World Heritage initiative has quietly become a force for appreciating and safeguarding the world’s special places." (National Geographic, 5th August 2021)

The drawback of over-tourism has also been well documented. In addition to the well-known examples of Venice in Italy and Machu Picchu in Peru, can be added George Town on Penang island, Laos’ Luang Prabang, Casco Viejo neighbourhood in Panama City, Nærfjord, Norway, Lamu Old Town, Stone Town of Zanzibar and many more. The increasing examples of World Heritage Sites impacted by overtourism have led to the development of a new word to describe the effect - 'unescocide' - coined by Italian writer Marco d'Eramo in 2014.

"The effects of Unesco's designations are a debated topic. A site being added to the list can be a 'kiss of death' and 'all too often cures the disease by killing the patient,' Italian journalist Marco D'Eramo wrote in 2014, coining the term 'Unescocide'. Essentially, in designating a World Heritage site worthy of protection, the destination becomes a place of unsustainable levels of tourism. This was not accounted for in the original treaty, as Unesco 'didn't have the scope of international tourism then,' Mike Robinson, a professor of cultural heritage at Nottingham Trent University, told The New York Times.

"It's also difficult for people who 'work in cultural heritage and in tourism to find that right balance between protecting objects but not destroying the experience,' Leila Amineddoleh, a lawyer specializing in cultural heritage... There's also an incentive for developing nations to get destinations added to the World Heritage list to boost tourism. 'The power of the Unesco brand can skyrocket a lesser-known destination to a different level,' wrote CNN. Despite the threat of overtourism, a Unesco World Heritage designation can 'bring much-needed money, support and global recognition to a deserving destination.'" (Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs, 6th August 2023)

 A former World Heritage Director at UNESCO even described it as an 'inevitable destiny'.

"'It is an inevitable destiny: the very reasons why a property is chosen for inscription on the world heritage list are also the reasons why millions of tourists flock to those sites year after year,' wrote Francesco Bandarin, the former World Heritage Director at Unesco." (The Guardian, 30th August 2017)

References

Keep Victoria Falls Wild, April 2026. Serious Concerns Over Management of Victoria Falls World Heritage Site. 31st April 2026. (pdf download, 1.3 mb)

National Geographic (5th August 2021) Here’s how World Heritage status helps destinations around the world. National Geographic. 

The Guardian (30th August 2017) 'Unesco-cide': does world heritage status do cities more harm than good?.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (6th August 2023) The significance and benefits of being on Unesco's World Heritage list.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (28th July 2021) Are World Heritage Site listings a blessing or a curse?

Read more on the wave of tourism developments currently threatening the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site on the Keep Victoria Falls Wild website.

New luxury boutique retreat to open in Vic Falls

A NEW luxury boutique retreat featuring private villas is set to open in Victoria Falls on September 1, as tourism operator Africa Albida Tourism expands its high-end offerings in the resort town.

The development, to be known as Albida – Victoria Falls, will form part of the Victoria Falls Safari Collection and is expected to strengthen the destination’s appeal to premium international travellers.

The all-inclusive retreat will comprise 13 villas, including two double-bedroom units, each designed to offer privacy, space and an exclusive guest experience.

According to the operator, the project responds to growing demand for intimate, high-end accommodation in Victoria Falls, one of the region’s leading tourism hubs.

“This new retreat is a carefully planned addition to our portfolio,” said Ross Kennedy.

“It responds to the demand for private accommodation in Victoria Falls and speaks to the modern high-end traveller that prioritises space and a genuine sense of place.”

Each villa will feature spacious living areas and a private plunge pool, with packages including guided access to the Victoria Falls and curated experiences within the destination.

Managing Director Nigel Frost said the development would enhance the group’s premium portfolio while supporting the growth of Victoria Falls as a top-tier tourism destination.

“Albida – Victoria Falls strengthens our premium offering and supports the growth of Victoria Falls as a premium destination for discerning travellers, while upholding the high standards that define the Victoria Falls Safari Collection,” he said.

The retreat, inspired by the Albida tree known for enriching its surrounding environment, is designed to offer a tranquil setting that promotes relaxation and connection with nature.

Located about four kilometres from the Falls, the Victoria Falls Safari Collection comprises a range of hospitality facilities, including lodges, suites, restaurants, wellness and conferencing venues.

Experts say the new development is expected to further consolidate Victoria Falls’ position as one of Southern Africa’s leading destinations, while raising the bar for luxury accommodation in Zimbabwe.

Source: New luxury boutique retreat to open in Vic Falls (13/05/2026)

Conservationists Call Time On Illegitimate Tourism Developments At Victoria Falls

Conservation Campaign Group Call for Moratorium on Tourism Developments within Victoria Falls World Heritage Site and Removal of Recent Illegitimate Tourism Developments within the Site's 'No New Development Zone'

Keep Victoria Falls Wild (31st April 2026)

A new report by conservation campaign group Keep Victoria Falls Wild highlights increasing concerns over the management of the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site and threat from tourism development, calling for a moratorium on all new developments within the Site and its surrounding Buffer Zone pending finalisation, and approval by UNESCO, of a new Joint Management Plan for the Site and repeats calls for the removal of recent controversial tourism developments within the Site's protected area.

The controversial Baines Restaurant, located within the Victoria Falls National Park and UNESCO World Heritage Site 'no new development' zone

The report comes in the build up to the forthcoming 48th session of the World Heritage Committee, to be held in Busan, Republic of Korea over 19-29 July 2026 and recent submission of a new Draft Joint Plan for the management of the Site, submitted by the State Parties of Zambia and Zimbabwe who share the management of the transboundary World Heritage Site.

The report highlights significant concerns over recent tourism developments on the southern, Zimbabwean, side of the Falls and within the World Heritage Site 'no new development zone' (HESZ) and in particular the lack of disclosure of these developments, and of recent tourism visitor figures, to UNESCO within recent State of Conservation Reports. This continued lack of disclosure follows specific and repeated requests from the World Heritage Committee for information relating to recent developments within the World Heritage Site.

The new Draft Joint Management Plan for the Site is also heavily criticised by conservationists for its delayed submission, contradictions, errors and missing details on key areas such as the management zonation for the Site and details of permitted/prohibited developments. The lack of detail on the zones comes after specific requests from the World Heritage Committee for the boundaries, zonation and buffer zone to be reviewed and clarified in the new document.

The report also identifies a growing list of wider issues and concerns in relation to the management of the Site before calling on the World Heritage Committee to reject the Draft Joint Management Plan submitted by the State Parties and request a final complete and consistent document as soon as possible, significantly calling for a moratorium on all tourism developments within the World Heritage Site and surrounding 500m Buffer Zone pending final submission, and approval by the Committee, of the revised Joint Plan and satisfactory resolution of a series of controversial tourism developments within and surrounding the Site.

In addition the report repeats calls for the cancellation of permits for recent illegitimate tourism developments issued by the Zimbabwe National Park Authority within the WHS HESZ and for all trace of these developments to be removed from the Site. This specifically relates to the recently constructed Baines Restaurant and ‘Rock Pool’ developments, as well as the proposed riverside ‘tree lodges’ development, reportedly to be managed under the InterContinental Hotel Group's exclusive Six Senses brand.

Finally the report recommends to the World Heritage Committee that the Site should be considered for immediate addition to the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger if the State Parties fail to adequately address these issues.

Download the full report: Keep Victoria Falls Wild (April 2026) Serious Concerns Over Management of Victoria Falls World Heritage Site (pdf, 1.3mb).

Econet InfraCo Secures Land For Multimillion-dollar Luxury Resort In Victoria Falls

 Econet InfraCo has announced plans to build a multimillion-dollar luxury resort in Victoria Falls. The project, to be called Vic Falls Lifestyle, will comprise 40 high-end residential villas supported by premium amenities, including restaurants, wellness centres, and sports facilities.

Econet InfraCo Chief Executive Officer Fayaz King described the development as a landmark project for Zimbabwe’s luxury tourism sector.

“These will be among the most exclusive residential properties ever developed in Zimbabwe,” said King.

“They are designed to meet the standards of top-tier international hospitality, comparable to presidential suites in leading global hotels.

“Security and privacy are central to the development’s value proposition. The gated resort will include round-the-clock security, catering to investors and visitors seeking a secure, secluded environment.”

Under the investment model, buyers will be able to acquire ownership of individual villas, on the condition that units are made available for rental for up to 11 months each year—a structure designed to balance personal use with income-generating potential.

King added that Econet founder and Group Chairman Strive Masiyiwa played a key advisory role in shaping the concept and is expected to be among the property owners.

“Land for the resort has been secured, with planning at an advanced stage, and construction is expected to commence before year-end,” said King.

Source: Econet InfraCo Secures Land For Multimillion-dollar Luxury Resort In Victoria Falls (15/04/2026)

Read more:

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (9th April 2026) Econet InfraCo to build top-tier luxury resort in Vic Falls.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (10th April 2026) Econet InfraCo plans luxury Victoria Falls resort with 40 villas and private hospital.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (13th April 2026) The vision behind Econet InfraCo’s Vic Falls Lifestyle Resort.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (16th April 2026) Econet InfraCo Secures Land For Multimillion-dollar Luxury Resort In Victoria Falls.

See also Keep Victoria Falls Wild website. 

New sunset cruise option in Vic Falls

 Bamba Victoria Falls has launched a new product on the Zambezi River with the Bamba Boat Sunset Cruise, which commenced on April 1.

The new offering is a double-decker cruise boat operating daily from Zambezi National Park. It accommodates up to 24 guests on a 2.5-hour sunset experience, including a four-course canapé menu, premium drinks and cocktails.

The boat is part of a full-day itinerary, marketed as “The Bamba Day”, combining multiple experiences across Victoria Falls. The itinerary includes a 90-minute early morning tram journey through Zambezi National Park to the Victoria Falls suspension bridge, followed by an e-bike tour with stops at the Big Tree, riverside viewpoints and the vulture feeding site.

The day concludes with the sunset cruise on the Zambezi River departing from a private jetty within the national park.

Source: New sunset cruise option in Vic Falls (14/04/2026)

The vision behind Econet InfraCo’s Vic Falls Lifestyle Resort

 Econet InfraCo — the recently listed billion-dollar infrastructure platform company — has acquired a 100-acre site in Victoria Falls, where it plans to build an upmarket ‘Vic Falls Lifestyle Resort’.

Econet InfraCo Vic Falls Lifestyle Resort promo

The resort will consist of about 40 luxury villas, built for use by high net wealthy visitors to the city, who plan to stay for two weeks or more.

According to InfraCo, the villas will be designed to cater for every whim of a jet set clientele who expect the best. They will be supported by a club house with a wellness gym, spas, restaurants, gift shops, tennis courts and swimming pools.

The facility will have its own 10-bed private hospital and a helipad for quick transfers to the airport.

Equally important, the villas will have their own power and water supply system, with each villa connected to fibre as well as satellite internet access. Security to the facility will be provided by 24-hour guards, with additional security guards assigned to any of the  4, 5 and 6-bedroom villas as needed.

Econet InfraCo Vic Falls Lifestyle Resort promo

Explaining the vision, Econet InfraCo CEO Fayaz King, said: “We need to attract visitors who spend more time in the city if we are to generate more forex for our economy. That means we must also cater for the high net worth visitor — this is the global trend. We are using our skills in developing high-quality infrastructure to enable this development.”

King said each villa will be offered for sale as an investment to Zimbabweans, who will offer them for onward rental as part of the agreement.

“The owners will be allowed to use them for about a month a year. But they are there to be rented out for 11 months; that is the concept.”

King said designs had been completed and work is expected to start before the end of the year.

He noted that land for the development was acquired some time back, at the direction of Econet founder Strive Masiyiwa.

“The group chairman has had this vision for a long time, and sees Vic Falls as a jewel for Zimbabwe’s economic revival. He bought this land over 20 years ago but feels now is the time for us to push ahead, which is why InfraCo was created,” he said, adding that there were other projects the company was planning.

Source: The vision behind Econet InfraCo’s Vic Falls Lifestyle Resort (12/04/2026)

Read more:

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (9th April 2026) Econet InfraCo to build top-tier luxury resort in Vic Falls.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (10th April 2026) Econet InfraCo plans luxury Victoria Falls resort with 40 villas and private hospital.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (13th April 2026) The vision behind Econet InfraCo’s Vic Falls Lifestyle Resort.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (16th April 2026) Econet InfraCo Secures Land For Multimillion-dollar Luxury Resort In Victoria Falls.

See also Keep Victoria Falls Wild website. 

Econet InfraCo plans luxury Victoria Falls resort with 40 villas and private hospital

 Econet InfraCo says it will build a luxury Victoria Falls resort with 40 villas, premium amenities and a 10 bed private hospital.

Econet InfraCo says it will develop a multimillion dollar luxury resort in Victoria Falls, adding high end residential villas and a private medical facility as it broadens its investment platform beyond core infrastructure.

The project, to be called Vic Falls Lifestyle, is planned as a gated resort of 40 luxury residential villas supported by amenities that include restaurants, wellness centers and sports facilities, the company said.

Econet InfraCo Chief Executive Officer Fayaz King said the villas are being designed for buyers who want privacy and a hotel level service experience. He described the residences as among the most exclusive properties to be developed in Zimbabwe, with finishes and services aimed at matching what top global hotels offer in their highest end rooms.

The company said the resort will include a 24 hour, 10 bed private hospital with emergency services and dental care, part of a package meant to meet the expectations of a high net worth clientele that travels with security and convenience in mind. Security and privacy are central to the plan, King said, with around the clock security inside the gated complex.

Econet InfraCo, recently listed on the Victoria Falls Stock Exchange, said it has been valued at about $1 billion. The company is positioning the resort as a product for both lifestyle buyers and investors looking for rental income.

Under the model outlined by the company, buyers would own individual villas, but would be required to make them available for rental for up to 11 months each year. The structure is designed to balance occasional personal use with revenue potential, a model used in some resort markets where operators manage units as part of a single hospitality offering.

King said the concept received input from Econet founder and group chairman Strive Masiyiwa, who he described as playing an advisory role in shaping the development. King added that Masiyiwa is expected to be among the property owners. Econet InfraCo said it has already seen interest from local and diaspora Zimbabwean investors as well as international buyers, including people described as friends and associates of Masiyiwa.

The company said land has been secured, planning is at an advanced stage and construction is expected to begin before the end of the year.

Vic Falls Lifestyle would be the second major development announced by Econet InfraCo. Its flagship project, Econet Tech City, is planned as an industrial and technology hub near Robert Gabriel Mugabe International Airport in Harare, with the company saying it expects to host about 300 businesses on more than 800 hectares of land it already owns.

Source: Econet InfraCo plans luxury Victoria Falls resort with 40 villas and private hospital (09/04/2026)

Read more:

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (9th April 2026) Econet InfraCo to build top-tier luxury resort in Vic Falls.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (10th April 2026) Econet InfraCo plans luxury Victoria Falls resort with 40 villas and private hospital.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (13th April 2026) The vision behind Econet InfraCo’s Vic Falls Lifestyle Resort.

Victoria Falls Bits and Blogs (16th April 2026) Econet InfraCo Secures Land For Multimillion-dollar Luxury Resort In Victoria Falls.

See also Keep Victoria Falls Wild website.