Vic Falls unlocks land for residential purposes

 VICTORIA Falls municipality says it has unlocked land under the Lands ministry and the Zimbabwe National Parks for housing development and town expansion.

Mayor Thuso Moyo told Southern Eye that the municipality was facing housing backlog challenges due to lack of land.

“The local authority has managed to get land from the Lands ministry and other stakeholders in the city. More land has been cleared for residential use,” Moyo said.

“Currently the council has 460 stands available for sale and these ones were granted to us by the Zimbabwe National Parks. The stands are located just two kilometers from the parks.”

Moyo said the municipality was given 13 000 hectares in Masuwe by the Lands ministry for housing development.

“The local authority is working on it. The land is run by two councils, both Hwange Rural District Council and Victoria Falls City Council. So saying there is no space for residential stands is now an understatement,” he said.

In April last year, former Victoria Falls mayor, Somveli Dlamini revealed that the local authority was working on a new master plan to unlock more land for residential purposes.

At the time, Dlamini said most of the land in the area was reserved for recreational purposes.

Source: Vic Falls unlocks land for residential purposes (21/02/24)

City of Victoria Falls finalising master plan ahead of June deadline

Story by Tichaona Kurewa, ZBC News

THE City of Victoria Falls has made significant progress in crafting a master plan ahead of the 30 June deadline to restore sanity in local authorities.

A master plan being developed through support from the International Finance Corporation will act as the blueprint for achieving this vision by addressing key issues like infrastructure development, responsible tourism practices, environmental protection, and community engagement.

City of Victoria Falls, Town Clerk Mr Ronnie Dube said, “We have started all the preliminary works, field studies and so forth, we are done with that. Currently, the consultant is working on our report of a study which should be presented to the council in a week or so.

“We are going to meet the end of June deadline. The master plan is important as it is the long-term planning document, which deals with zoning issues, land uses and many other issues related to how we use our land so that we come up with development that is well structured.”

Experts outlined the importance of the master plan.

A lawyer, Mr Tonderai Mutasa said, “The story does not end with the development of master plans by the local authority, it ends with the adherence to the master plan. Only compelling reasons must alter land use if there is to be order in local authorities. Once the master plan is followed, we will not have problems like illegal settlements within local authorities.”

“It is important for local authorities to have master plans to have proper and orderly development. All towns should have master plans to avoid haphazard development or unplanned settlements within the town. Without master plans, there will be sprouting of ugly settlements that will also be good grounds for diseases like cholera, etc,” said the former Mayor of Victoria Falls City, Alderman Nkosilathi Jiyane.

The Victoria Falls Master Plan presents a unique opportunity to unlock the full potential of the resort city in terms of tourism and other economic activities.

 Source:  City of Victoria Falls finalising master plan ahead of June deadline (20/02/24)

Investments to bear fruit for Zimbabwe’s tourism in 2024

 Zimbabwe's tourism industry is expected to reap rewards this year as the country continues to invest in its tourism establishments following the COVID-19 pandemic.

The expectations come on the back of a 24% increase in tourism receipts for the third quarter of 2023 (July-September), up to US$272 million from $219m in Q3 2022.

According to the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe’s (RBZ) quarterly economic review for the quarter, tourist arrivals increased by 41.9% to 494 878, compared with 348 559 for the same period in 2022.

"The increase in tourist arrivals was attributed to the ongoing recovery in global tourism, improved transportation infrastructure, and marketing and promotion initiatives by players in the tourism industry," said the RBZ.

Investments in the local tourism industry in 2023 came from both local and foreign investors, with $300 million channelled into restaurants, hotels, lodges, safaris and game parks, reported Zimbabwean state-owned daily newspaper The Herald.

"We have seen a number of investments in the sector, be it new resorts or upgrading of the existing ones in order to stay abreast with the current trends. We have seen new lodges around the country and many game parks have also been upgraded," said Paul Matamisa, CEO of the Tourism Business Council of Zimbabwe.

We Are Victoria Falls, the destination management partnership for Victoria Falls, provided Tourism Update with the following examples of recent investment and developments in the country’s tourism sector during 2023:

• Africa Albida Tourism conducted a refurbishment of the Victoria Falls Safari Lodge property.
• The Courtney Lodge opened in Victoria Falls.
• The Bayete Collection expanded its portfolio to include The Victorian Manor, Zimbara and Hwange Siding.
• Inzila Safaris launched mobile safaris in Hwange.
• Malachite Lodge, part of the Zambezi Crescent operations, opened in Zambezi National Park, Victoria Falls.
• The Victoria Falls Distillery Company opened in December.
• Simunye Theatre was launched in Victoria Falls.
• Baines Restaurant was launched in Victoria Falls.
• Woodlands Community Reserve was launched on the outskirts of Victoria Falls.

Zimbabwe also achieved improved regional air access last year, with FlySafair launching flights between Johannesburg and Victoria Falls, and Airlink launching flights between Mbombela (Nelspruit) and Victoria Falls.

Additionally, FlyNamibia will begin flying from Windhoek to Victoria Falls in April this year.

“We have fully recovered and grown our seat capacity to Victoria Falls. This is all thanks to the efficiency of our new Air Services Development Programme spearheaded by Airports Company of Zimbabwe,” said Shelley Cox, current Co-ordinator for We Are Victoria Falls.

Airports Company of Zimbabwe provided the following aircraft carrying capacity numbers into Victoria Falls International Airport:

Victoria Falls leads the charge

Natasha Dixon, PR & Internal Communications Specialist at African Bush Camps, told Tourism Update that recovery in Zimbabwe had been limited to Victoria Falls.

“We haven’t seen the same demand for Hwange or Mana Pools yet. Arrivals are still behind those of 2019.”

However, she did mention that some of its Zimbabwe camps continued to shine as some of its best-selling options.

Lodges at the Victoria Falls are optimistic that 2024 will herald record-breaking tourist numbers on the back of healthy occupancies during the second half of 2023.

“Accommodation occupancies are showing positive projections for the year. This year will see us strengthening our destination brand and roll out some exciting new campaigns to attract more families and young people, as well as our traditional and local visitors,” said Cox, highlighting that Zimbabwe was well-positioned to capitalise on the evolving interests of travellers.

“People feel a growing connection with nature and wilderness, and are looking for stillness, transformation and meaning. This has been accelerated by the pandemic and we are seeing greater interest in wellness, creativity, intergenerational trips, food, health and fitness.

“Our traditional markets have always been delighted by our wilderness, wildlife and charm, but our newer markets are increasingly thrilled by our spirit and the hearts of our people – manifesting through experiences like immersive e-biking, riverside yoga and locally crafted gin distilling and tours that utilise local ingredients and allow for interactions with members of our community.”

Source: Investments to bear fruit for Zimbabwe’s tourism in 2024 (05/02/2024)

Battle to protect Vic Falls rages

 

RENOWNED wildlife and environment painter Larry Benjamin Norton last week exerted renewed pressure on Zimbabwean and Zambian authorities to stop more commercial enterprises being set up within the precincts of Victoria Falls, amid growing concern that such developments could cost the iconic site its world heritage status.

Norton, a Zimbabwean national and Victoria Falls resident, filed a High Court application in 2022 seeking to stop Adage Success and Scanner Investments from developing commercial enterprises at the heart of the Victoria Falls,  arguing that the business ventures would disrupt the ecological and aesthetic beauty of the global spectacle.

Judgement on the legal dispute case number, HC3576/22, in which the Zimbabwe National Parks and Wildlife Authority (Zimparks) and the Environmental Management Authority (Ema) are cited as key respondents among others, is yet to be handed down.

Last week, Norton presented his fresh concerns to Zambian and Zimbabwean representatives attending a Joint Technical Committee (JTC) meeting held at a local hotel in the resort town to deliberate on strategies to preserve its world heritage status.

Broadly, the JTC meeting was meant to deliberate on the Victoria Falls’ world heritage status.

The Victoria Falls, which is shared by Zimbabwe and Zambia, was accorded world heritage status by Unesco in 1989.

In 2022, Unesco warned that Victoria Falls risked losing its heritage status due to “individual and cumulative infrastructure developments” in restricted zones within the margins of the world’s  largest waterfall.

In a document seen by the Independent, Norton drew the attention of Zambian and Zimbabwean delegates to a myriad of commercial developments which he claimed threatened to discredit Victoria Falls.

 “At the outset we are all aware that the fragile Mosia Tunya/Victoria Falls world heritage site is under threat from developments and commercialisation on both sides of the river,” he said in a presentation to the meeting.

“Over two years ago myself and nine other applicants brought an urgent application to stop the commercialisation of the Cataract Islands by Adage Success and Zimparks and the construction of the Baines restaurant by Victoria Falls Investments.”

In his High Court application Norton, a globally renowned painter, maintained that the public was not consulted when rights to develop business sites in the sensitive areas of the Victoria Falls were granted to a number of firms.

“We maintain that no proper public consultations occurred with these operations and that Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) were defective.

“For the Cataract Island operation, a number of previous operators’ applications were turned down by Zimparks for environmental reasons,” wrote Norton.

Norton’s written submission was also furnished to Zimparks Victoria Falls area manager Marvellous Mbikiyana.

Citing a musical concert held in 2023 at the Cataract Island, Norton argued that the show organisers abused the site while triggering outrage from stakeholders.

“In early December 2023 the operators of Cataract Island clearly abused the island by facilitating a music event for a well-known European pop group. Videos of this outrageous abuse of the island went viral with broad condemnation from stakeholders and agents,” stated Norton.

“How can the authorities allow such an event? We stress the need to verify coordinates and place beacons around the world heritage site and we emphasise on the need to develop a blueprint of infrastructure development for the Victoria Falls. We further direct the Joint Technical Committee to finalise development of site maps.”

Some of the sites in the resort town which Norton indicated were under threat from commercial developments include the “Big Tree”, Rock Pool, Rainforest and Islands.

Norton questioned: “What is the agreement between Zambia and Zimbabwe on the so far untouched islands upstream of the falls itself? Why is there no transparent discussion on this? Are they up for grabs? Have they been allocated?”

“It is very difficult to understand why there is no discussion…on the limits of development of the Mosia Tunya world heritage site.”

He warned that if corrective remedy is not taken, future generations will blame authorities for ruining the Victoria Falls.

“I would ask that these points be noted and added to the minutes and documentation of the State of Conservation report in the interest of truth and transparency,” Norton underscored.

“If we fail to draw clear lines that offer absolute and permanent protection to this(site)…then we fail our own children and all future generations who will visit here.”

...

The Victoria Falls, known in vernacular as Mosi a Tunya which translates to “the Smoke that thunders,” attracts over a million visitors annually.

 Source: Battle to protect Vic Falls rages (02/02/24)

Land crunch in Victoria Falls

 Leonard Ncube, leonard.ncube@chronicle.co.zw

GOGO Gertrude Masilani (79) from Victoria Falls has been diligently paying for her housing waiting list form since 2004, despite being unemployed and relying on vending for survival. 

Over the past two decades, Gogo Masilani, along with more than 7  000 home seekers, submitted their applications at the council’s housing office, hoping for a chance to secure a housing stand.

The Victoria Falls City Council faces a significant challenge with a housing backlog exceeding 18 000, exacerbating the national housing backlog of over 1,5 million. 

The city, attaining status in 2019, has witnessed a surge in housing demand. To address this, the council initiated the Kazungula Housing Scheme, receiving applications from eager home seekers for vetting and allocation.

The week-long application process saw the council housing office buzzing with activity, accompanied by long queues and increased business for photocopying services. 

To streamline the process, the council categorised applicants based on waiting list dates, ensuring transparency in the allocation process.

Responding to concerns, the local authority management acknowledged the land scarcity issue and pledged efforts to secure more land for future housing projects. 

“The council has registered over 18  000 people on the waiting list across all densities and more are still registering. The local authority has exhausted its available land bank and it will                                                                                                continue engaging Central Government and other local authorities in the quest to have more land allocated for future housing schemes,” said the council.

The Kazungula Housing Scheme introduces a “beneficiary pays model,” requiring a minimum deposit for high and medium-density stands, with preferences given to first-time home seekers. Beneficiaries will be required to pay a minimum deposit of US$3  000 for high density and US$5 000 for medium density as an initial deposit. The remaining balance shall be payable over a period of 12 months.

However, anxiety permeates among some applicants, citing past challenges due to a lack of pay slips. Many, like Thulani Mkhwebu, express hope for consideration, emphasising their ability to pay despite the absence of formal income documentation.

“I applied to be on the waiting list in 1998 and I never defaulted paying for it although I missed out on the previous schemes because I had no pay slip hence I was never invited for interviews. I applied again this time and I pray I get considered because even if I don’t have a pay slip I can afford to pay,” said Mkhwebu.

Another home seeker, Sithembekile Sibanda said she inherited her late father’s waiting list form and paid for it from 2002 until 2021 when she was told that she would not be able to get a stand through it as she is above 18 years. She then applied for hers in 2021 and she is not eligible for the stands.

There are scores of businesspersons who told Chronicle on condition of anonymity that they missed on previous schemes because of lack of pay slips but they have the capacity to pay for the housing stands.

One home seeker said he was bitter.

“Mine is from 1999 but I have been omitted several times previously. I don’t know where I am getting it wrong but I applied again this time hoping for luck. My worry is that I started staying here as a young boy and I have even built a home in Dete so that makes me a local. I am bitter because I have been paying for a stand for more than 20 years and now I am more than 50 years old and still renting,” he said.

As the vetting process unfolds, some individuals share unique circumstances, such as inheritances and prior repossessions, adding complexity to the housing allocation dynamics. The council emphasises transparency and fairness in prioritising applicants with offer letters from previous schemes.

Kenneth Mariridza of Hlalani Kuhle said he got on the waiting list for medium density in 2000 but decided not to submit an application because he benefited from the high density before. 

According to the country’s housing laws, a person cannot be allocated more than one stand in the same density but can have one in each density.

Source: Land crunch in Victoria Falls (29/01/2024)

Council to turn Vic Falls into ‘little Las Vegas’

VICTORIA Falls City Council is planning to transform the resort city into a world-class destination by turning it into the “Little Vegas of Zimbabwe.”

Las Vegas is a sprawling neon-washed city in the sunny desert State of Nevada in the United States.

The US city bills itself as the entertainment capital of the World and is famous for its luxurious and extremely large casino hotels.

With over 2,9 million visitors as of 2019, Las Vegas is the sixth-most visited city in the US, after New York City, Miami, Los Angeles, Orlando, and San Francisco.

With unique features such as the world’s largest waterfall, Mosi-oa-Tunya, on the mighty Zambezi River, and surrounded by national parks, Victoria Falls is a rare gem with vast tourism potential.

Victoria Falls attained city status in December 2019 making it a competitive destination. The subsequent massive infrastructure growth augurs well with the local authority plans for a Little Vegas.

The ongoing developments dovetail with Government plans to transform Victoria Falls into a conferencing capital, with a multi-purpose convention centre, top-notch facilities such as five-star hotels, a medical centre, a university, the Zimbabwe Defence Forces camp, and sporting facilities among others.

The growth taking place in Victoria Falls is within the framework of the Victoria Falls-Hwange-Binga Special Economic Zone, which seeks to integrate the broader tourism economy with agriculture and mining as well as the rich natural environment to promote eco-tourism activities.

Tourism is one of the country’s major foreign currency earners and employs thousands of people in the value chain.

Under the Second Republic, Victoria Falls continues to attract increased investments in new facilities as evidenced by the number of hotels and lodges being constructed.

In 2020, the President launched the National Tourism Recovery and Growth Strategy anchored on Zimbabwe’s vision to be a prime international tourist destination based on the judicious and sustainable exploitation of the unique assets of nature, culture, heritage, and the built environment.

The strategy is informed by the Government’s Vision 2030 to become an upper middle-income economy characterised by increased investment, and decent jobs.

The high growth target of this strategy seeks to achieve a US$5 billion tourism economy and Victoria Falls is a strategic destination whose operations have a huge bearing on the attainment of that target.

The city and its environs is the gateway into Zimbabwe and developments, especially in the tourism sector, help build a positive image of the country as well as position Victoria Falls as a world-class destination.

Victoria Falls is a strategic destination whose operations have a huge bearing on the attainment of Vision 2030.

Guided by the national vision, Victoria Falls City Council has big plans for the destination to make it more competitive.

Speaking to stakeholders recently, Victoria Falls City economy development and marketing manager Mr Ngqabutho Moyo said opportunities that are in Victoria Falls can make the city operate round the clock.

He said there are opportunities for investors in tourism and hospitality, sports and entertainment among others.

Mr Moyo said the local authority, by being the home city of Victoria Falls, is working on strategies to lure investments to diversify the city’s economy.

“We learnt a lesson during Covid-19 when the city was literally shut down. So, we thought as a city we needed to diversify our products and include sports, medical, cultural, and other tourism products,” he said.

“We want to turn the destination into a family and 24-hour city like Las Vegas. It is also our hope that we will reach that stage.”

According to the 2022 census report, Victoria Falls has a population of 40 000 people.

During peak periods in Victoria Falls, nightlife has remained low except on days when there are annual major events such as the Carnival, Econet Marathon and Mapopoma Festival, which is expected this week.

Conferences have in the past helped ignite nightlife in the resort city as delegates patronise night spots.

Victoria Falls, which is in Hwange District and shares some of the facilities with Hwange Rural District Council.

Victoria Falls Council is courting investors to build a state-of-the-art civic centre to house the council offices, a five-star hotel and other facilities as part of promoting the destination.

Source: Council to turn Vic Falls into ‘little Las Vegas’ (27/12/23)

Controversial Project Proposed for Victoria Falls (Zambia)

'Victoria Falls Live Project' proposes 'Charity Concert' from Livingstone Island on edge of the World Heritage Wonder - Concerns over Impacts - Sacred Site

19th December 2023

The Zambian government has announced its support for an event promoted as a 'ground-breaking charity concert for nature' to be staged at the Victoria Falls in 2024.

Concerns have been expressed, however, over the impact of the proposed event on the fragile environment of the Falls, which is also a sacred cultural site and UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Digital visualisation of the Victoria Falls Live Project 

Details of the Victoria Falls Live Project were released in media statement from Diamond TV Zambia on social media on Friday 15th December.

"The Victoria Falls, is set to be the stage for a new charity concert. The Victoria Falls Live Project, a collaboration between Global Creative Studio Immersive Intl and Agusta Prod. in partnership with WWF, will unite music, nature & innovation in support of saving our planet. 

"The concert will feature renowned Zambian, African, and international artists, all coming together to perform and celebrate the beauty and importance of the surrounding nature. A unique musical collaboration between Zambian singer-songwriters James Sakala, Wezi, and Italian composer Giovanni Agusta is set to open the concert. More artists and acts are being confirmed and will be announced early next year."

The project involves using Livingstone Island as the performance stage for a live music event supported by a light and laser presentation utilising the Falls as a backdrop as illustrated by digitally enhanced promotional images.

Digital visualisation of the Victoria Falls Live Project

Presidential Approval

A promotional feature released online by Diamond TV Zambia includes an endorsement by President Hakainde Hichilema and interviews with Tommy Lexen, Managing Director of Immersive International and Italian composer Giovanni Agusta Director of Agusta Productions. The two men are also jointly named as Directors of Victoria Falls Project Live Ltd (incorporated in the UK on 8 December 2023).

Green Clams

Zambian Minister of Tourism, Rodney Sikumba, claimed the project is a climate focussed charity concert with a call on saving the planet.

"This concept for a climate-focused charity concert has come at the right time. We are excited to invite the world to see our incredible UNESCO World Heritage Site, the captivating Victoria Falls, in a new and truly unique way," he said.

The grand claims of raising awareness of ­climate change, and involvement of WWF Zambia, appear to be attempts to give thin veneer of 'green' credibility to the event, which appears in every other aspect to be totally incompatible with such a sensitive site.

WWF Zambia have confirmed their involvement in the project on social media, claiming that the Victoria Falls Live Project will be solely a virtual event. 

Unsuitable Impacts

While there may not be crowds viewing the event, there will still be significant disturbance within the fragile area of the Victoria Falls 'rainforest,' supposedly protected within National Parks on both sides of the river.

Nocturnal noise and light pollution from the event are likely to create significant disturbance to local wildlife.

A spokesperson for Keep Victoria Falls Wild, a campaigning group raising awareness of tourism development pressures and their impacts at the Falls, commented: "The authorities of Zambia and Zimbabwe appear determined to drive away all the wildlife, from bushuck and elephants to hornbills and owls, from Falls and its surroundings. Whilst it appears there is a total lack of understanding as to the sensitive ecology of the Falls, they no doubt hope to develop yet more riverside lodges, restaurants and host yet more events such as the Victoria Falls Live Project. However it is the stunning natural landscape and amazing local wildlife which attracts visitors from around the world. They risk loosing not only the World Heritage Site status, but also undermining  the valuable tourism upon which their local and national economies depend. Not to mention the desecration of a sacred cultural site."

Limited Benefits

Details of the proposed event are vague, although it appears there will only be limited benefits for the local tourism sector with the event being promoted as a virtual event to be broadcast to a 'global audience.'

While WWF Zambia are supposedly the charity benefactors of the event, they have limited involvement with the local community or conservation initiatives. Local Livingstone residents have been left wondering who will benefit from the event.

Sacred Site

Livingstone Island is also sacred cultural site, the mists below and ever-present rainbow above the Falls being associated with the ancestor spirits.

On his first visit Livingstone recorded that three islands at the lip of the Falls were used by the three local Leya chiefs for offerings to the ‘Barimo,’ but identifies only one of these sites - now known as Livingstone Island, recording the following in his 'Missionary Travels' on his first arrival and sight of the Falls from this island on its very edge in 1855.

“At three spots near these Falls, one of them the island in the middle, on which we were, three Batoka chiefs offered up prayers and sacrifices to the Barimo. They chose their places of prayer within the sound of the roar of the cataract, and in sight of the bright bows in the cloud...

“The play of colors of the double iris on the cloud, seen by them elsewhere only as the rainbow, may have led them to the idea that this was the abode of Deity. Some of the Makololo... looked upon the same sign with awe. When seen in the heavens it is named 'motse oa barimo' - the pestle of the gods.

“Here they could approach the emblem, and see it stand steadily above the blustering uproar below - a type of Him who sits supreme - alone unchangeable, though ruling over all changing things. But, not aware of His true character, they had no admiration of the beautiful and good in their bosoms. They did not imitate His benevolence, for they were a bloody, imperious crew, and Sebituane performed a noble service in the expulsion from their fastnesses of these cruel 'Lords of the Isles' [Sekute and the other Leya chiefs]

“Having feasted my eyes long on the beautiful sight, I returned to my friends at Kalai, and saying to Sekeletu that he had nothing else worth showing in his country, his curiosity was excited to visit it the next day." (Livingstone, 1857, p.523-4)

World Heritage Site in Danger?

The Victoria Falls are globally known as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, but perhaps not for much longer. Recent tourism developments on both sides of the Falls have contravened management plans agreed with UNESCO aimed at projecting the integrity of the Falls environment and resulted in repeated warnings from the World Heritage Committee.

The construction of the Zambian Mosi-oa-Tunya Resort, developed on the edge of the World Heritage Site (and in a recognised wildlife movement corridor favoured by Livingstone's local elephant herd) caused widespread negative reaction and resulted in a site visit by UNESCO representatives in February 2022 to assess the negative impacts of the development and combined impacts of tourism development pressures across the site, the report raising serious concerns over the future viability of the World Heritage Site:

"The mission also observed that the property is facing increasing threats from individual and cumulative infrastructure developments, whose footprints are inside the property, its buffer zone or in its wider setting... If the proposed and future developments proceed without the appropriate level of consideration for the environment in which the property is located and for which it is inscribed, as well the cumulative impacts from the different individual developments, the OUV [Outstanding Universal Values] could be considered to be in danger in the near future."

Since the visit a wave of further development proposals have emerged on the Zimbabwean side of the river, including the construction of the Baines Restaurant on the Zimbabwean side of the river, immediately above the Falls (opened in mid-2023).

Supporting Information

Livingstone island is leased as a tourism concession to Tongabezi Safaris, operators of Tongabezi Lodge. who operate tours to the island and opportunity to swim in the pools on the very lip of the Falls, the 'Devil's Pool.' The lodge is currently managed by Green Safaris.

The Victoria Falls was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1989. The site is managed by the National Heritage Conservation Commission (Zambia) and Parks and Wildlife Management Authority (Zimbabwe).

Keep Victoria Falls Wild is a campaigning group raising awareness of tourism development pressures and their impacts at the Falls. Visit www.keepvictoriafallswild.com for more information.

Downloads

Keep Victoria Falls Wild (August 2023) 2023 State of Development Final Report (pdf, 7.2mb, opens in a new window)

World Heritage Committee (2023) Final Joint Mission Report Mosi-oa-Tunya, Victoria Falls (Zambia/ Zimbabwe) 9-13 February 2022 (pdf, 3.3 mb, opens in a new window)